Glossary of Terms
Labor and Employment

Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) – the negotiated contract between a legitimate labor organization and the employer concerning wages, hours of work, and all other terms and conditions of employment in a bargaining unit, including mandatory provisions for grievance and arbitration machinery. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Deployed Overseas Filipino Workers – recruited worker who leaves for an overseas job with the pre-condition that employment/travel documentation papers are processed by Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA) and his/her departure is actually recorded at the Labor Assistance Center at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Employed - include all those who, during the reference period are 15 years old and over as of their last birthday and are reported either:

At work. Those who do any work even for one hour during the reference period for pay or profit, or work without pay on the farm or business enterprise operated by a member of the same household related by blood, marriage or adoption; or

With a job but not at work. Those who have a job or business but are not at work because of temporary illness/injury, vacation or other reasons. Likewise, persons who expect to report for work or to start operation of a farm or business enterprise within two weeks from the date of the enumerator’s visit, are considered employed. (National Statistics Office)

Employment Rate - proportion in percent of the total number of employed persons to the total number of persons in the labor force. (National Statistics Office)
  

Household – an aggregate of persons, generally but not necessarily bound by ties of kinship, which live together under the same roof and eat together or share in common the household food. Members comprise the head of the household, relatives living with him, and other persons who share the community life for reasons of work or other consideration. A person who lives alone is considered a separate household. (National Statistics Office)

Labor Force – the population 15 years old and over whether employed or unemployed who contribute to the production of goods and services in the country. (National Statistics Office)

Labor Force Participation Rate – proportion in percent of the total number of persons in the labor force to the total population 15 years old and over. (National Statistics Office)

Land-Based Workers – a contract worker other than a seaman including workers engaged in offshore activities whose occupation requires that majority of his working/gainful hours are spent on land. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Nominal Minimum Wage Rate - the lowest basic wage rate that an employer can pay his/her workers as fixed by the Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Board (RTWPB), which is not lower than the applicable statutory minimum wage rate. This includes mandated Cost of Living Allowance (COLAs), if any. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Notice of Lockout – the notification filed by an employer with the appropriate National Conciliation and Mediation Board (NCMB) regional branch about its intention to temporarily cease its operation because of the allegations by a duly registered labor union of unfair labor practice act/s or because of a deadlock in collective bargaining negotiations. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Notice of Strike – the notification filed by a duly registered labor union with the appropriate NCMB regional branch about its intention to go on strike because of alleged commission by the employer of unfair labor practice act/s or because of a deadlock in collective bargaining negotiations. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) – a Filipino worker who is to be engaged, is engaged, or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a country of which he/she is not a legal resident. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Processed Overseas Filipino Workers  – recruited worker whose contract and travel documents have been verified and validated through the Contract Processing Department of the POEA and is to be deployed for a specific period of time. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)
  

Real Minimum Wage Rate – the minimum wage deflated by the current Consumer Price Index (CPI). (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Rural Area  – an area not falling under any of the classifications of an urban area. (National Statistics Office)

Sea-Based Worker – any person employed in a vessel engaged in maritime navigation. Also called a seaman. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Strike – any temporary stoppage of work by the concerted action of the employees as a result of an industrial or labor dispute. Includes actual strike (with or without notice) filed at appropriate NCMB regional branches. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Underemployed  – include all employed persons who express the desire to have additional hours of work in their present job or an additional job, or to have a new job with longer working hours. (National Statistics Office)

Underemployment Rate  – proportion in percent of the total number of underemployed persons to the total number of employed persons. (National Statistics Office)

Unemployed – include all those who, during the reference period are 15 years old and over as of their last birthday who have no job/business and actively looking for work. Also considered as unemployed are persons without a job or business who are reported not looking for work because of their belief that no work is available or because of temporary illness/disability, bad weather, pending job application or waiting for job interview. (National Statistics Office)

Unemployment Rate  – proportion in percent of the total number of unemployed persons to the total number of persons in the labor force. (National Statistics Office)

Union – any registered group or association of employees that exist in whole or in part for the purpose of collective bargaining or of dealing with employers concerning terms and conditions of employment. A union may be formed in the private or public sector. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Urban Area – an area that satisfies the following criteria as adopted in the 1980 Census of Population and Housing (CPH):

1. In their entirety, all cities and municipalities having a population density of at least 1,000 persons per square kilometer;
2. Poblaciones or central districts of municipalities and cities which have a population density of at least 500 persons per square kilometer;
3. Poblaciones or central districts (not included in a) and b)) regardless of the population size, which have the following:

1. Street pattern, i.e., network of streets in either parallel or right angle orientation;
2. At least six establishments (commercial, manufacturing, recreational, and/or personal services at least once a month);
3. At least three of the following: A town hall, church or chapel with religious services at least once a month; A public plaza or cemetery; A public plaza or building where trading activities are carried on at least once a month; A public building like school, hospital, puericulture and health center or library;

4. Barangays having at least 1,000 inhabitants meeting the conditions set forth in c) above, and where the occupation of the inhabitants is predominantly non-farming or non-fishing. (National Statistics Office)

Visibly Underemployed  – those who work for less than 40 hours during the reference period and want additional hours of work. (National Statistics Office)

Visible Underemployment Rate – proportion in percent of the total number of visibly underemployed persons to total number of employed persons. (National Statistics Office)

Worker Covered by CBA  – an employee who is covered by the existing CBA in the establishment. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)

Worker Involved in Actual Strike/Lockout  - a worker directly involved in a strike/lockout and those made idle or affected by lack of work or by observance of picket line. (Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics)