Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) - the negotiated contract between a legitimate labor organization and the employer concerning wages, hours or work and all other terms and conditions of employment in a bargaining unit, including mandatory provisions for grievance and arbitration machinery.

Employed - persons in the labor force who were reported either at work or with a job or business although not at work:
     a) At Work - those who did some work, even for one hour during the reference period.
     b) With a Job or Business but not at Work - those who have a job or business even though not at work during the reference period because of temporary illness/injury, vacation or other leave of absence, bad weather or strike/labor dispute or other reasons. 
     Likewise persons who are expected to report for work or to start operation of a farm or business enterprise within two weeks from the date of the enumerator's visit are considered employed.

Employment Rate - the proportion of total number of employed persons to the total number of persons in the labor force.

Industry - the nature or character of the business or enterprise or the place wherein a person works.

Labor Force, (Persons in the) - the population 15 years old and over who contribute to the production of goods and services in the country.   It includes those who are either employed or unemployed.  Those who are neither employed nor unemployed are considered not in the labor force, e.g. persons who are not working and are not available for work during the reference week and persons who are not available and are not looking for work because of reasons other than those previously mentioned.  Examples are housewives, students, disabled or retired persons and seasonal workers.

Labor Force Participation Rate - proportion of the total number of persons in the labor force to the total population 15 years old and over.

Labor Standards - minimum requirements prescribed by existing laws, rules and regulations and other issuances relating to wages, living allowances and other employee monetary and welfare benefits, occupational health and safety and other standards designed to improve conditions of work.

Labor Standard Case - labor dispute arising from violations or non-compliance of labor standards whether or not employer-employee relations exist.

Labor Turnover - changes in the employment of an establishment during a reference period resulting from accessions and separations.

Labor Turnover Rate - percentage difference of accession and separation rates in employment for every 100 employed workers.  This is computed as a difference of separation rate from accession rate.

Labor Union - any union or association of employees which exists in whole or in part for the purpose of collective bargaining or of dealing with employers concerning terms and conditions of employment.  It also called labor organization and is classified:
     a) Organized Labor - workers duly represented by a recognized or certified exclusive bargaining agent in an appropriate bargaining unit.
     b) Unorganized Labor - workers in an establishment where there is no duly recognized or certified collective bargaining agent.

Lockout - the temporary refusal of an employer to furnish work to the employees as a result of an industrial or labor dispute.  It comprises shutdown, mass retrenchment and dismissals without previous written clearance from the Secretary of Labor and Employment or his duly authorized representatives.   It may be:
     a) Total - lasts for one month or less;
     b) Temporary Closure - lasts for more than one month to six months; and,
     c) Permanent Closure - lasts for more than six months.

Manpower - a portion of the population which has actual or potential capability to contribute to the production of goods and services.

Minimum Wage - wage fixed by law that an employer can pay a worker.  Also known as statutory minimum wage.

Nominal Wage - the amount of wages a person actually receives, measured in current pesos.  Also called money wage.

Occupation - the specific kind of work a person does.  If a person has a job but not at work, it is the kind of work he will be doing when he reports for work, or will be doing if he is waiting for a new job to begin within two weeks from the date of interview.

Real Wage - wages deflated by the current consumer Price Index.  It gives information on how much the current wages are given compared to wages of a given base year period.

Separation - termination of employment in the establishment.  It is generally classifiable as:
     a) Quits - termination of employment initiated by employees; or
     b) Lay-off - termination of employment initiated by employer.

Separation Rate - proportion of the total number of terminations of employment to the total number of workers employed.

Underemployed - employed persons who expressed the desire to have additional hours of work in their present job or in an additional job, or to have a new job with longer working hours.

Underemployed, Invisibly - persons employed at full-time jobs who still want additional work.

Underemployed, Visibly - employed persons who worked less than 40 hours during the reference week and wanted additional hours of work.

Unemployed (old definition) - include all persons who are 15 years old and over as of their last birthday and are reported as:

     1) without work, i.e., had no job or business during the basic survey reference period; AND,

     2) seeking work, i.e., had taken specific steps to look for a job or establish a business during the basic survey reference period; OR not seeking work due to the following reasons: (a) believe no work available; (b) awaiting results of previous job applications; (c) temporary illness/disability; (d) bad weather; and (e) waiting for rehire/job recall.

Unemployed (new definition) - includes all persons who are 15 years old and over as of their last birthday and are reported as:

     1) without work, i.e., had no job or business during the basic survey reference period; AND,

     2) currently available for work, i.e., were available and willing to take up work in paid employment or self employment during the basic survey reference period, and/or would be available and willing to take up work in paid employment or self employment within two weeks after the interview date; AND,

     3) seeking work, i.e., had taken specific steps to look for a job or establish a business during the basic survey reference period; OR not seeking work due to the following reasons: (a) tired/believe no work available, i.e, the discouraged workers who looked for work within the last six months prior to the interview date; (b) awaiting results of previous job applications; (c) temporary illness/disability; (d) bad weather; and (e) waiting for rehire/job recall.

Unemployment Rate, Open - proportion of the total number of unemployed persons to the total number of persons in the labor force.

Unemployment Rate, Total - proportion of the total number of unemployed persons and the number of persons who are visibly underemployed in full time employment standard to the total number of persons in the labor force.

Wage Rate - the basic pay including cost of living allowances and other guaranteed or regularly paid allowances but exclude overtime payments, bonuses and gratuities, family allowances and other social security payments made by employers, as well as ex-gratia payments in kind, supplementary to normal wage rate.

Working Age Population - the population 15 years and over at a specified time.   The working age population is divided into persons in the labor force and persons not in the labor force.