The Glossary
of Terms presents standard definition of terms and concepts used
in the Philippine Statistical System (PSS). These were sourced
from various data-producing agencies.
AGRICULTURE
AND FISHERY
Agricultural
production – the growing field crops, fruits, nuts, seeds,
tree nurseries (except those of forest trees), bulb vegetables
and flowers, both in the open and under glass; and the production
of coffee, tea, cocoa, rubber; and the production of livestock
and livestock products, honey rabbits, fur-bearing animals, silkworm,
cocoons, etc. Forestry and fishery production carried on as an
ancillary activity on an agricultural holding is also considered
as agricultural production.
Aquaculture
– sector of fisheries that includes the rearing or raising
under controlled conditions of aquatic products such as fish,
oysters, mussels, sea weeds and other aquatic resources in sea,
lakes and rivers. Examples are fishponds, fish
pens and fish cages.
Commercial
Fishing – sector of fisheries that includes the catching
of fish in marine waters with the use of fishing boat of more
than three (3) gross tons and beyond the seven (7) kilometers
shoreline limit.
Municipal
Fishing – sector of fisheries that includes the catching
of fish in marine and inland waters with the use of fishing boat
of three (3) gross tons or less, or using gear not requiring the
use of boats.
Source:
Bureau of Agricultural Statistics
Cooperative – a duly registered association of at
least fifteen (15) persons with a common bond of interest who
voluntarily join together to achieve a lawful common social and
economic end.
Kinds of
cooperatives:
Consumers’
Cooperative – the primary purpose is to procure and distribute
commodities to members and non-members.
Cooperative
Bank – organized by, the majority shares of which is
owned and controlled by, cooperatives primarily to provide financial
and credit services to cooperatives.
Cooperative
Federation – an organization of primary and/or secondary
cooperatives with a single line or multi-purpose business activities.
Cooperative
Union – an organization of cooperatives and federations
at appropriate levels to represent the interest and welfare of
all types of cooperatives at the provincial, city, regional and
national levels.
Credit
Cooperative – promotes thrift and savings among its members
and creates funds in order to grant loans for productive and provident
purposes.
Laboratory
Cooperative – a cooperative formed and managed principally
by minors and which is affiliated with a registered cooperative.
Marketing
Cooperative – engages in the supply of production inputs
to members, and markets their products.
Multi-Purpose
Cooperative – engages two (2) or more types of business
activities.
Producers’
Cooperative – undertakes joint production whether agricultural
or industrial.
Service
Cooperative – engages in medical and dental care, hospitalization,
transportation, insurance, housing, labor, electric light and
power, communication and other services.
Source:
Cooperative Development Authority
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ECONOMIC
ACCOUNTS
Constant
Prices (at constant prices) – valuation of transactions,
wherein the influence of price changes from the base year to the
current year has been removed.
Gross Domestic
Product – the value of all goods and services produced
domestically; the sum of gross value added of all resident institutional
units engaged in production (plus any taxes, and minus any subsidies,
on products not included in the values of their outputs).
Gross Regional
Domestic Product - aggregate of the gross value added or income
from each industry or economic activity of the regional economy.
Gross National
Product – the Gross Domestic Product adjusted with the
net factor income from the rest of the world. It refers to the
aggregate earnings of the factors of production (nationals) plus
indirect taxes (net) and capital consumption allowance.
Gross Value
Added – the difference between gross output and intermediate
inputs. Gross outputs of a production unit during a given period
is equal to the gross value of the goods and services produced
during the period and recorded at the moment they are produced,
regardless of whether or not there is a change of ownership. Intermediate
inputs refer to the value of goods and services used in the production
process during the accounting period.
Personal
Consumption Expenditures - consist of actual and imputed expenditures
of households for the purpose of acquiring individual consumption
goods and services.
Source:
1993 System of National Accounts developed by the Commission
of the European Communities, International Monetary Fund,
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,
United Nations and World Bank.
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EDUCATION
Basic or
Simple Literacy - the ability to read and write with understanding
simple messages in any language or dialect.
Functional
Literacy – represents a significantly higher level literacy
which includes not only reading and writing skills but also numeracy
skills. The skills must be sufficiently advanced to enable the
individual to participate fully and effectively in activities
commonly occurring in his life situation that require a reasonable
capability beyond oral and written communication.
Source:
National Statistics Office
Elementary
Education – the stage of formal education primarily concerned
with providing basic education and usually corresponding to six
(6) or seven (7) grades.
Enrolment
– the total number of students who have registered as
of August 31 in a given school year.
Formal
Education – institutionalized, hierarchically structured,
chronologically graded educational system running from the elementary
to tertiary levels.
Government
or Public School – school established, operated and supported
by the government.
National
Elementary Assessment Test (NEAT) – a written examination
basically designed to assess abilities and skills of Grade VI
pupils in all public and private schools. It aims to measure learning
outcomes in elementary level in response to the need of enhancing
quality of education.
National
Secondary Assessment Test (NSAT) – a battery of tests
designed to assess abilities and skills necessary for success
in four-year or more college degree programs. It is intended to
complement or supplement school’s existing assessment procedures
for career counseling.
Non-Formal
Education – any organized educational activity outside
the established formal system, that is intended for specific objectives
and to serve identifiable clientele.
Post Secondary/Non-Degree
Education – the stage of formal education following the
secondary level covering non-degree programs that have varying
duration from three (3) months to three (3) years, concerned primarily
with developing strong and appropriately trained middle-level
skilled manpower possessing capabilities supportive of national
development.
Pre-School
– a school that admits students who are not old enough to
enter the first level of education. These pupils are usually from
4 to 5 years of age.
Primary
School – a school primarily concerned with providing
basic education and usually corresponding to the first four grades
of elementary education.
Private
School – an educational institution maintained and administered
by private individuals or groups.
Secondary
School – an educational institution offering secondary
education.
Secondary/High
School Education – the stage of formal education following
the elementary level usually corresponding to four (4) years of
school, primarily with continuing basic education and expanding
it to prepare the students for higher education and/or the world
of work through the acquisition of employable gainful skills.
School
Year – the period of time, of approximately 32 to 40
weeks, when schools offer daily instruction broken by short intermission
periods (e.g., Christmas and summer vacations and holidays).
Technical
Education – the education process designed at post-secondary
and lower tertiary levels, officially recognized as non-degree
programs aimed at preparing technicians, para-professionals and
other categories of middle-level workers by providing them with
a broad range of general education, theoretical, scientific and
technological studies, and related job skills training.
Vocational
Skills Training – programs of short duration ranging
from three (3) months to about six (6) months. These are non-diploma
programs but the students are given proficiency certificates on
the trades they have satisfactorily completed.
Source:
Department of Education, Culture and Sports
Higher
Education – the stage of formal education following the
secondary education covering the programs on: (a) all courses
of study leading to bachelor’s degree and (b) all degree
courses of study beyond bachelor’s degree level.
Source:
Commission on Higher Education
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ENVIRONMENT
AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Charcoal
– solid product obtained from the destructive distillation
and/or thermal degradation of wood.
Forest
– area of one hectare or more which is at least 10 percent
stocked with forest trees (including seedlings and saplings),
wild palm, bamboo or brush. Narrow strips of land bearing forest
must be at least 60 meters wide and one hectare in size to qualify
as forest. Industrial tree plantations and tree farms one hectare
or more in size are also included.
Forest
Land – includes the public forest, the permanent forest
or forest reserves, and forest reservations.
Forest
Product – all usable raw materials yielded by the forest
including the associated water, fish, game, scenic, historical,
recreational and geologic resources.
Log –
felled trees bucked into convenient length of at least 1.5 meters,
with at least 15 cm. in diameter. It may either be poles, piles,
pulpwood, sawlog or veneer log.
Lumber
– solid wood not further manufactured other than sawing,
resawing and passing lengthwise through a standard planing machine
crosscut to length.
Non-Timber
Forest Product – includes all forest products except
timber; also known as minor forest product.
Plywood
– an assembled product made of layers of veneer held
together by an adhesive, the chief characteristic of which is
the alternate cross layers, distributing the longitudinal wood
strength. It consists of three or more layers of veneer, firmly
glued together with the grain direction of the middle layer at
right angles to that of the two parallel outer layers.
Poles and
Piles – logs for use as electric post, pier piling, railroad
ties, sleepers and the like.
Pulpwood
– any wood commercially used for the manufacture of any
type of pulp.
Roundwood
– wood in its natural state as felled or otherwise harvested,
with or without bar, round, split roughly squared or other forms
(e.g. roots, stumps). It may also be impregnated (e.g. telegraph
poles) or roughly shaped or pointed. It comprises all wood obtained
from the forest such as sawlogs/veneer logs, pulpwood, fuelwood
and other industrial roundwood.
Timberland
– refers to land of the public domain which has been
the subject of the present system of land classification determined
to be needed for forest purposes. Eventually, these lands will
be proclaimed as forest reserves by the President.
Upland
– highland; ground elevation above the lowlands along
rivers or between hills.
Veneer
– thin sheets of wood of uniform thickness, rotary cut,
sliced or sawn for use in the manufacture of plywood.
Source:
Forest Management Bureau
National
Park – refers to a forest reservation essentially of
primitive or wilderness character which has been withdrawn from
settlement or occupancy and set aside as such exclusively to preserve
the scenery, the natural and historic objects and the wild animals
or plants therein, and to provide enjoyment of these features
in such a manner as will leave them unimpaired for future generations.
Source:
Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau
Rainfall
(mm) – the amount of precipitation (rain, hail, etc.)
expressed in millimeter depth, of the layer of water which has
fallen.
Source:
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
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FOREIGN
TRADE
Charcoal
– solid product obtained from the destructive distillation
and/or thermal degradation of wood.
Forest
– area of one hectare or more which is at least 10 percent
stocked with forest trees (including seedlings and saplings),
wild palm, bamboo or brush. Narrow strips of land bearing forest
must be at least 60 meters wide and one hectare in size to qualify
as forest. Industrial tree plantations and tree farms one hectare
or more in size are also included.
Forest
Land – includes the public forest, the permanent forest
or forest reserves, and forest reservations.
Forest
Product – all usable raw materials yielded by the forest
including the associated water, fish, game, scenic, historical,
recreational and geologic resources.
Log –
felled trees bucked into convenient length of at least 1.5 meters,
with at least 15 cm. in diameter. It may either be poles, piles,
pulpwood, sawlog or veneer log.
Lumber
– solid wood not further manufactured other than sawing,
resawing and passing lengthwise through a standard planing machine
crosscut to length.
Non-Timber
Forest Product – includes all forest products except
timber; also known as minor forest product.
Plywood
– an assembled product made of layers of veneer held
together by an adhesive, the chief characteristic of which is
the alternate cross layers, distributing the longitudinal wood
strength. It consists of three or more layers of veneer, firmly
glued together with the grain direction of the middle layer at
right angles to that of the two parallel outer layers.
Poles and
Piles – logs for use as electric post, pier piling, railroad
ties, sleepers and the like.
Pulpwood
– any wood commercially used for the manufacture of any
type of pulp.
Roundwood
– wood in its natural state as felled or otherwise harvested,
with or without bar, round, split roughly squared or other forms
(e.g. roots, stumps). It may also be impregnated (e.g. telegraph
poles) or roughly shaped or pointed. It comprises all wood obtained
from the forest such as sawlogs/veneer logs, pulpwood, fuelwood
and other industrial roundwood.
Timberland
– refers to land of the public domain which has been
the subject of the present system of land classification determined
to be needed for forest purposes. Eventually, these lands will
be proclaimed as forest reserves by the President.
Upland
– highland; ground elevation above the lowlands along
rivers or between hills.
Veneer
– thin sheets of wood of uniform thickness, rotary cut,
sliced or sawn for use in the manufacture of plywood.
Source:
Forest Management Bureau
National
Park – refers to a forest reservation essentially of
primitive or wilderness character which has been withdrawn from
settlement or occupancy and set aside as such exclusively to preserve
the scenery, the natural and historic objects and the wild animals
or plants therein, and to provide enjoyment of these features
in such a manner as will leave them unimpaired for future generations.
Source:
Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau
Rainfall
(mm) – the amount of precipitation (rain, hail, etc.)
expressed in millimeter depth, of the layer of water which has
fallen.
Source:
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
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GENDER
DEVELOPMENT
Gender – socially learned
behavior and expectations associated with the two sexes. It also
refers to the socially differentiated roles and characteristics
attributed by a given culture to women and men.
Gender Issues and Concerns
– issues, concerns and problems arising from the different
roles by women and men, as well as those that arise from a questioning
of the relationship between them.
Gender-Responsive Indicator System
– a set of statistical measurements for monitoring the situation
of women, relative to men in various sectors and for determining
whether development programs respond to their problems and needs.
Gender-Responsive Development
Training – the use and integration of the Gender and
Development (GAD) framework into the entire development planning
cycle. It rests on the premise that introducing gender considerations
makes development planning/programming more "people oriented
or people focused." Gender is one source of heterogeneity
along with education, ethnicity, class and other socio-demographic
variables, all of which determine to a large extent the manner
by which development plans and programs/projects impact on different
groups of people.
Gender-Responsive Programs/Project
– programs and projects that systematically incorporate or
address gender concerns. They are of three types: a) integrated
programs or projects; b) women’s components; and c) for women
only programs or projects.
Gender Roles – these
concern the activities ascribed to men and women on the basis
of perceived gender differences. While men are mainly identified
with productive roles, women have a triple role: a productive
role; a reproductive (or domestic) role; and a community managing
role.
Gender roles and responsibilities
vary between cultures and can change over time.
Sex - the genetic and physical
or biological identity of a person which indicates whether one
is male or female.
Violence Against Women (VAW)
– any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is
likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or
suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or
arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public
or in private life. It encompasses all forms of violation of women’s
rights, including threats and reprisals, exploitation, harassment
and other forms of control.
Source: National
Commission on the Role of Filipino Women
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INCOME
AND PRICES
Base Period - usually a year,
is the reference period of the index number. It is the period
at which the index is set to 100.
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
- measure of the average changes in the prices of a fixed basket
of goods and services usually purchased by households for their
consumption.
Wholesale Price Index (WPI)
- measure of the changes in the price level of commodities that
flow into the wholesale trade intermediaries.
Retail Price Index (RPI) -
measure of the changes of the prices at which retailers dispose
of their goods to consumers and end-users.
Source: National
Statistics Office
Family expenditures - refer
to the expenses or disbursements made by the family purely for
personal consumption during the calendar year 1997. They exclude
all expenses in relation to farm or business operation, investment
ventures, purchase of real property and other disbursements which
do not involve personal consumption. Income from other sources
- include imputed rental values of owner-occupied dwelling units,
interests, rentals including landowner's share of agricultural
products, pensions, support and the value of food and non-food
items received as gifts by the family (as well as the imputed
value of services rendered free of charge to the family).
Per capita income - is obtained
by dividing the total family income by the total number of family
members.
Primary income - includes
salaries and wages, commissions, tips, bonuses, family and clothing
allowance, transportation and representation allowances, honoraria,
and other forms of compensation and net receipts derived from
the operation of family-operated enterprises/activities and the
practice of a profession or trade.
Total family income - includes
primary income and receipts from other sources received by all
family members during the calendar year 1991 as participants in
any economic activity or as recipients of transfers, pensions,
grants, etc.
Source: 1997 Family
Income and Expenditure Survey, NSO
Magnitude of the Poor - the
number of families or the population whose annual per capita income
falls below the subsistence/poverty threshold.
Poverty Incidence - proportion
of families/population whose annual per capita income falls below
the annual per capita poverty threshold to the total number of
families/population.
Poverty Threshold – annual
per capita income required or the amount to be spent to satisfy
nutritional requirements (2,000 Kcal) and other basic needs.
Subsistence Incidence - proportion
of families/population whose annual per capita income falls below
the annual per capita food/subsistence threshold
to the total number of families/population.
Subsistence and Food Threshold
– annual per capita income required or the amount to be spent
to satisfy nutritional requirements (2,000 Kcal).
Source : TWG on
Income Statistics, NSCB
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INDUSTRY
Average Total Employment –
arrived at by dividing the total employment during the pay periods,
nearest the middle of each quarter (Feb. 15, May 15, Aug. 15,
and Nov. 15) by four quarters.
Capital Expenditures for Fixed
Assets – include cost of acquisition of new and used
fixed assets, fixed assets produced by the establishment for its
own use, major alterations, additions and improvements to fixed
assets, whether done by others, or done on own account.
Cost – all expenses whether
paid or payable incurred during the year including interest expenses
and indirect taxes and other charges. Valuation is usually at
market price, net of discounts, rebates, returns and allowances.
Establishment – an economic
unit which engages in one or predominantly one kind of economic
activity at a fixed single physical location.
Investments – amount
of money or other resources measured in terms of money placed
on activities or other forms of assets for the assets, whether
done by others, or done on own account.
Establishment – an economic
unit which engages in one or predominantly one kind of economic
activity at a fixed single physical location.
Paid Employee – person
working for and receiving pay from an establishment; includes
the full time or part-time employee on paid leaves, e.g. paid
vacation, maternity holiday or sick leave. Excludes consultants,
home workers, workers receiving commissions and workers on indefinite
leave.
Salaries and Wages –
payments in cash or in kind prior to deductions for employees’
contribution to SSS/GSIS, withholding tax, etc. to all employees.
Included are total basic pay, overtime pay and other benefits.
Shipments – the sale
or inter-plant transfer of finished products from an establishment.
Total Receipts (Revenues/Sales)
– includes the value/cash received and receivables for products
shipped, goods sold and transferred and industrial and non-industrial
services rendered to others.
Value of Output – represents
the total value of products sold, receipts from contract work
and industrial services done for others, receipts from goods bought
and sold in same conditions, fixed assets produced on own-account
and change in inventories (ending less beginning of finished products,
work-in process and goods for release).
Source : National
Statistics Office
Capital Increase – the
additional funds put into the capital stock of existing business
firms.
Capital Investment –
the amount of capital invested by a newly registered organization
whether a corporation, partnership or single proprietorship.
Capital Withdrawal –
the retirement and/or redemption of capital funds of business
firms.
Capital Increase – the
additional funds put into the capital stock of existing business
firms.
Capital Investment –
the amount of capital invested by a newly registered organization
whether a corporation, partnership or single proprietorship.
Capital Withdrawal –
the retirement and/or redemption of capital funds of business
firms.
Subscribed Capital –
that portion of the authorized capital which has been underwritten
by the stockholders.
Source: Bangko
Sentral ng Pilipinas
Investments – amount
of money or other resources measured in terms of money placed
on activities or other forms of assets for the purpose of earning
profits.
Source: Board of
Investment
Stocks – investments
in shares of stock, common or preferred, traded, subsidiaries,
and non-subsidiaries.
Source: Securities
and Exchange Commission
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LABOR
AND EMPLOYMENT
Accession/New Hire –
any permanent or temporary addition to employment in the establishment.
Transfer or shifting of workers from one plant or department to
another within the same firm is excluded. It may be due to: (2)
expansion-addition to employment arising out of expansion in production
or business activity of the establishment; (3) replacement –
addition to employment arising from resignation, death of the
worker, etc. and for which replacement is needed; and (5) others
– addition to employment resulting from changes in methods
of production, service or change in Technology.
Class of Worker – the
relationship of the worker to the establishment where he works.
Equivalent to “industrial status” in other countries.
They are categorized as follows:
A.) Wage and Salary Workers
– class of worker who (a) worked for private household –
a person working in a private household for pay, in cash or in
kind (domestic helper, household cook, gardener, family driver,
etc.); (b) worked for
private establishment – a person working in a private establishment
for pay, in cash or in kind. This class includes not only persons
working for a private industry but also those working for a religious
group (priest, acolyte), missionary (nuns, sisters, etc.), unions,
and non-profit organizations.
This category includes the following
types of workers:
(l) persons working in public works
project on private contracts;
(ii) public transport drivers who do not own the vehicle but drive
them on boundary basis;
(iii) dock hands or stevedores;
(iv) cargo handlers in railroad stations or piers; and
(v) palay harvester getting fixed share of harvested palay; and,
(c) worked for government/government corporation-a person working
for the government or a government corporation or any of its instrumentalities.
This category of worker includes
the following workers:
(l) Filipinos working in embassies,
legation, chancelleries or consulates of foreign government in
the Philippines;
(ii) Filipinos working in international
organizations of Sovereign States or Governments like the United
Nations, World Health Organization and others;
(iii) Chaplains in the Armed Forces
of the Philippines;
B.) Own-Account Worker
– class of worker who is either: (a) self-employed without
any employee – a person working for profit or fee in own
business, farm, profession or trade without any paid employee
as defined in category (b) below. This includes workers who work
purely on commission basis and who may not have regular working
hours. (b) employer in own farm or business- a person working
in his own business, farm, profession or trade who had one or
more regular paid employees, including paid family members; (c)
worked with pay on own family-operated farm o business –
a person working in own family-operated farm or business and receives
cash or fixed share of the produce as payment for his services;
C.) Unpaid Family Worker
– those who worked without pay on own family operated farm
or business operated by another member living in the same household.
The room and board and any cash allowance given as incentives
are not counted as compensation for these family workers.
Collective Bargaining Agreement
– the negotiated contract between a legitimate labor organization
and the employer concerning wages, hours of work and all other
terms and conditions of employment in a bargaining unit, including
mandatory provisions for grievance and arbitration machinery.
Employed – persons in
the labor force who were reported either at work or with a job
or business although not at work:
A.) At work –
those who did some work, even for one hour during the reference
period;
B.) With a job or business but
not at work – those who have job or business even though
not at work during the reference period because of temporary illness/injury,
vacation or other leave of absence, bad weather or strike/labor
dispute or other reasons. Likewise persons who are expected to
report for work or to start operation of a farm or business enterprise
within two weeks from the date of the e-numerator’s visit
are considered employed.
Employment Rate – the
proportion of the total number of employed persons to the total
number of persons in the labor force.
Industry – the nature
or character of the business or enterprise or the place wherein
a person works.
Labor Force, (Persons in the)
– the population 15 years old and over who contribute to
the production of goods and services in the country. It includes
those who are either employed or unemployed. Those who are neither
employed nor unemployed are considered not in the labor force,
e.g. persons who are not working and are not available for work
during the reference week and persons who are not available and
are not looking for work because of reasons other than those previously
mentioned. Examples are housewives, students, disabled or retired
persons and seasonal workers.
Labor Force Participation Rate
– proportion of the total number of persons in the labor
force to the total population 15 years old and over.
Labor Standards – minimum
requirements prescribed by existing laws, rules and regulations
and other issuance’s relating to wages, living allowances
and other employee monetary and welfare benefits, occupational
health and safety and other standards designed to improve conditions
of work.
Labor Standard Case –
labor dispute arising from violations or non-compliance of labor
standards whether or not employer-employee relations exist.
Labor Turnover – changes
in the employment of an establishment during a reference period
resulting from accessions and separations.
Labor Turnover Rate –
percentage difference of accession and separation rates in employment
for every 100 employed workers. This is computed as a difference
of separation rate from accession rate.
Labor Union – any union
or association of employees which exists in whole or in part for
the purpose of collective bargaining or of dealing with employers
concerning terms and conditions of employment. Also called labor
organization classified as
follows:
A.) Organized Labor
– workers duly represented by a recognized or certified exclusive
bargaining agent in an appropriate bargaining unit; and
B.) Unorganized Labor
– workers in an establishment where there is no duly recognized
or certified collective bargaining agent.
Lockout – the temporary
refusal of an employer to furnish work to the employees as a result
of an industrial or labor dispute. It comprises shutdown, mass
retrenchment and dismissals without previous written clearance
from the Secretary of Labor and Employment or his duly authorized
representatives. It may be:
A.) Total – lasts
for one month or less;
B.) Temporary Closure
– lasts for more than one month to six months; and
C.) Permanent Closure – lasts for more than
six months.
Manpower – a portion
of population which has actual or potential capability to contribute
to the production of goods and services.
Minimum Wage – wage fixed
by that law that an employer can pay a worker. Also known as statutory
minimum wage.
Nominal Wage – the amount
of wages a person actually receives, measured in current pesos.
Also called money wage.
Occupation – the specific
kind of work a person does. If a person has a job but at work,
it is the kind of work he will be doing when he reports for work,
or will be doing if he is waiting for a new a job to begin within
two weeks from the date of interview.
Real Wage – wages deflated
by the current Consumer Price Index. It gives information on how
much the current wages are given compared to wages of a given
base year period.
Separation – termination
of employment in the establishment. It is generally classifiable
as:
A.) quits – termination
of employment initiated by employees; or
B.) lay-off -- termination of employment initiated
by employer.
Separation Rate – proportion
of the total number or terminations of employment to the total
number of workers employed.
Strike, Actual – any
temporary stoppage of work by the concerted action of employees
as a result of an industrial or labor dispute. This may include
slowdown, boycott, sit -down, mass leave, attempts to damage,
destroy or sabotage plant equipment and facilities and similar
activities.
Boycott – concerted action
of employees an their union to refrain from working with the establishment.
Mass Leave – a form of
concerted work stoppage where the union or the workers avail en
masse of their paid leaves under their Collective Bargaining Agreement
or by law or where said workers/union go on massive Absence Without
Official Leave
(AWOL).
Sit down – a form of
concerted work stoppage where workers refuse to work inside a
factory or establishment after punching their time cards.
Slowdown – a deliberate
lessening of work effort for a definite purpose and time. In motive,
it is similar to strike and differs from the latter only in the
degree of stoppage involved.
Underemployed – employed
persons who expressed the desire to have additional hours of work
in their present job or in an additional job, or to have a new
job with longer working hours.
Underemployed, Invisibly –
persons employed at full-time jobs but who still want additional
work.
Underemployed, Visibly –
employed persons who worked less than 40 hours during the reference
week and wanted additional hours of work.
Unemployed – persons
in the labor force who did not work or had no job/business during
the reference week but were reported available and actively looking
for work. Also considered as unemployed are persons without a
job or business who were reported as available for work but were
not looking for work because of their belief that no work was
available or because of temporary illness/disability, bad weather,
pending job application or waiting for job interview.
Unemployment Rate, (Open)
– proportion of the total number of unemployed persons to
the total number of persons in the labor force.
Unemployment Rate, Total –
proportion of the total number of unemployed persons and the number
of persons who are visibly underemployed in full time employment
standard to the total number of persons in the labor force.
Wage Rate – the basic
pay including cost of living allowances and other guaranteed or
regularly paid allowances but exclude overtime payments, bonuses
and gratuities, family allowances and other social security payments
made by employers, as well as ex-gratia payments in kinds, supplementary
to normal wage rate.
Work – is any economic
activity that a person does, classified into any of the following
categories:
A.) Work for pay in cash or
in kind – work by a person for an employer, whether
in an establishment, office, farm or private residence (other
than his own) and receives salary/wage, commission, tips, in cash
or in kind, or other forms of compensation such as free meals,
and/or free living quarters, support in school, etc.;
B.) Work for profit
– work by a self-employed person for profit in own business
such as sari-sari store, farm, dress shop or for fees in the practice
of one’s profession trade;
C.) Work without pay on family
farm or enterprise – occurs when a person works without
pay on a farm or enterprise that is being operated by another
family member in the same household; and
D.) Work by farm operator/family
member on another’s farm on exchange labor – work
by a farm operator or a member of his family on a farm being operated
by another household on exchange labor arrangements. This is usually
practiced by agricultural workers during the height of rice planting
and harvesting seasons.
Working Age Population –
the population 15 years and over at a specific time. The working
age population is divided into persons in the labor force and
persons not in the labor force.
Source: Bureau of
Labor and Employment Statistics
Administrative, Executive and
Managerial Workers (2) – workers in this major group
comprise persons who, as elected or appointed officials of national
or local governments, are mainly occupied in deciding or participating
in formulating government policy and in making, amending and implementing
laws, rules and regulations, together with those who, as government
administrators, organize and direct the interpretation and execution
of governmental policy and those who, as directors and managers,
plan, organize, coordinate and direct the activities of private
or public enterprises, or organizations, or one or more of their
departments.
Agricultural, Animal Husbandry
and Forestry Workers, Fishermen and Hunters (7) – workers
in this major group manage or conduct farms on their behalf, on
behalf of private owners, or in partnership; supervise and perform
agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry tasks; catch fish,
hunt and trap animals; and perform related tasks.
Clerical and Related Workers (3)
– workers in this major group organize and supervise clerical
and related office work in public or private establishments, including
transport and communication service operations; record oral or
written matters by shorthand writing, typing and other means;
compile and maintain records of financial transactions and other
business activities; operate office machines and telephone and
telegraph equipment; take charge of public transport vehicles
during journeys; take part in postal work and mail distribution;
and perform other clerical tasks.
Production and Related Workers,
Transport Equipment Operators and Laborers - workers in this
major group are engaged in or directly associated with the extraction
of minerals, petroleum and natural gas from the earth and their
treatment; manufacturing processes; the construction maintenance
and repair of various types of roads, structures, machines and
other products. Also included are those who handle materials,
operate transport and other equipment and perform laboring tasks
requiring primarily physical effort.
Professional, Technical and Related
Workers (0/1) – workers in this major group conduct research
and apply scientific knowledge to the solution of a variety of
technological, economic, social and industrial problems and perform
other professional, technical, artistic and related functions
in such fields as the physical and natural sciences, engineering,
law, medicine, religion, education, literature, art, entertainment
and sport.
Sales Workers (5) – workers
in this major group are engaged in, or directly associated with,
buying and selling goods and services of all kinds and in conducting
wholesale and retail businesses on their own behalf or managing
them on behalf of others.
Service Workers (6)
– workers in this major group plan, organize, direct, supervise
and perform catering, housekeeping, personal, protective and related
services.
Workers Not Classified By Occupation
(X) – workers in this major group are new workers seeking
employment, workers reporting occupations which cannot be identified,
workers reporting occupations not sufficiently described to permit
classification in any of the major groups and workers not reporting
any occupations.
Source: National
Statistical Coordination Board
1997 Philippine Standard Occupational Classification
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MONEY
AND BANKING
Advances and Subscription to Capital
Stock – Private Development Banks/Privately Owned Bank
in the Thrift Bank
Category/Rural Bank –
represents credit accommodations such as conduit lending and rediscounting
facilities to private development banks and other privately owned
banks in the thrift bank category, as well as rural banks; and
equity investments in preferred and common stocks in the said
banks, if such investment is in connection with the privatization
of certain branches of the Bank. The investment is subject to
Monetary Board approval and shall not exceed 30% of the equity
in any such bank nor shall total equity investments of the Bank
exceed the prescribed aggregate ceiling on such investments.
Agricultural Loans –
represents loans granted to finance the acquisition of work animals,
farm equipment and machinery, farm inputs (i.e., seeds, fertilizer,
feeds), poultry, livestock and similar items; construction and/or
acquisition of facilities for production, processing, storage
and marketing; and efficient and effective merchandising of agricultural
commodities stored and/or processed by the facilities aforecited
in domestic and foreign commerce.
Educational Assistance Loans
– loans granted to poor but deserving post secondary students
enrolling in certain degree or non-degree priority courses implemented
under the Educational Assistance Act of 1976 (P.D. No. 932) as
well as DBP Board resolution 711, s. 1977, otherwise known as
the "Study Now Pay Later Program".
Equities and Other Investments
– represents investments in shares of stocks, including any
unpaid subscription, in companies/institutions of allied undertaking,
as allowed under existing laws, rules and regulations. Other investments
include those made for public relations purposes and/or to qualify
as member/subscriber of clubs/other non-profit organizations/public
utilities, including deposits made therein.
Financial Rehabilitation Loans
– refers to special financing extended to bonafide calamity
victims to help reconstruct existing viable projects damaged by
natural calamities such as floods, earthquakes, drought.
Government Loans – represents
loans to provinces, cities and municipalities to finance the construction
of self-liquidating projects and other public improvements such
as markets, waterworks systems, public town halls, slaughterhouses
and electric plants, and for cadastral surveys and purchase of
heavy equipment and machinery.
Industrial Loans – represents
loans granted to finance the establishment, rehabilitation, development,
expansion and operation of industrial projects, enterprises engaged
in the purchase, processing and transformation of raw materials,
manufacture of goods, as well as the marketing thereof, including
the purchase of industrial machinery, equipment and implements
used or to be used therein, and loans granted to Participating
Financial Institutions (PFIs).
Real Estate Loans – represents
loans granted for the purchase of lots; construction, repair and/or
improvements of home buildings; housing and hotel projects; hospitals;
commercial; and school buildings against security of real estate
and/or other acceptable assets.
Source: Development
Bank of the Philippines
Balance of Payments (BOP)
– statistical statement that systematically summarizes, for
a specific period, the economic transactions of a country with
the rest of the world. Transactions, for the most part between
residents and non-residents, consist of those involving goods,
services and income; those involving financial claims on and liabilities
to the rest of the world; and those (such as gifts) classified
as transfers which are real resources and financial claims provided
to, or received from the rest of the world without the corresponding
resources and financial claims received or given in exchange.
Bank Lending Rate – weighted
average interest rate charged by commercial banks on loans granted
during a given period of time. Monthly data is derived as the
ratio of actual interest income on their peso-denominated loans
(i.e. demand/time loans, bills discounted, mortgage contract receivables,
and restructured loans, whether secured or unsecured) to the total
outstanding level of these loans. Weekly data refer to the weighted
average interest rate on loans granted for all maturities during
the reference period.
Commercial Banks – these
are corporations which in addition to the general powers incident
to corporations are authorized to accept drafts and issue letters
of credit; discount and negotiate promissory notes, drafts, bills
of exchange, and other evidences of debts; receive deposits; buy
and sell foreign exchange and gold or silver bullion; and lend
money against securities consisting of personal property or first
mortgages on improved real estates and the insured improvements
thereon.
Currency in Circulation –
currency issue of the BSP (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) less cash
on hand of the National Treasury and of the DMBs (Deposit Money
Banks).
Currency Issue – this
consist of notes and coins issued by BSP, excluding those in the
vault of the BSP and its regional offices and units and those
in transit to/from regional offices/units.
Demand Deposits – deposits
payable on demand and transferable by check or otherwise usable
in making payments.
Deposit Money Banks (DMBs)
– these are financial institutions other than monetary authorities
that have liabilities in the form of deposits payable on demand
and transferable by check.
Deposit Substitutes –
instruments used as an alternative form of obtaining funds from
the public other than deposits, through the issuance, endorsement
or acceptance of debt instruments for the borrowers’ own
account. These represent all types of money market borrowings
by banks like promissory notes, repurchase agreements, commercial
papers/securities and certificates of assignment/participation
with recourse.
Domestic Liquidity –
consists of money supply, peso savings and time deposits and deposit
substitutes of money generating banks or DMBs. Also referred to
as M3.
Equity – represents National
Government (NG) subscription payments to the authorized capital
stocks of government-owned or controlled corporations.
Government Service Insurance System
(GSIS) – a government-owned and controlled corporation
which provides retirement annuities, insurance and other services
for government employees, and insurance for government-owned properties.
Gross Domestic Credits –
consist of domestic securities, loans and advances of DMBs and
the BSP. Credits to BSP include holdings of Central Bank/BSP Certificates
of Indebtedness and reverse repurchase loans of DMBs. Domestic
credits are subdivided into public and private credits.
Interbank Call Loan(IBCL) Rate
– the rate charged by a bank on its loans to other banks
for periods not exceeding 24 hours for purposes of covering reserve
deficiencies.
Liability – an amount
owed (i.e. payable) by an individual or entity for items or services
received, expenses incurred, assets acquired and amounts received
but not yet earned.
Loans Granted – loans
approved by banks, which had been credited to a borrower’s
account or made available to him during a given period of time.
Loans granted are classified by purpose, by debt instrument, and
by industry.
Loans Oustanding – the
unpaid balance of loans as of a certain date. All categories (except
on type of debt instruments) on loans outstanding of commercial
banks do not include past due items, items in litigation, domestic
and foreign bills-clean. Loans outstanding are classified by region,
by purpose, by debt instrument, and by industry. In addition,
they are classified by type of security and by borrower.
Money Supply – consist
of currency in circulation and peso deposits subject to check
of the monetary system. Also called Narrow Money. (as defined
under M.B. Res. 404 dated 14 February 1975)
National Government or the term
Government – the central authority of the country and
includes all agencies covered by the national budget.
Net Domestic Credits –
consist of domestic credits of the BSP, (net of National Government
deposits and loans and advances to DMBs) and domestic credits
of DMBs (net of National Government deposits, as well as inter-commercial
banks’ loans and advances). (as defined under MB res. 404
dated 14 February 1975).
Net Foreign Assets –
these are assets less liabilities denominated in foreign currencies
of the Monetary Authorities and DMBs which are either of short
term, medium or long term maturities. Short term accounts would
fall under net international reserves while the rest would be
under medium/long term and non-monetary accounts.
Net Other Accounts –
accounts of the BSP and DMBs not classified elsewhere. Basically,
this account is the difference between the miscellaneous assets
and the miscellaneous liabilities and capital accounts of the
BSP and DMBs.
New Manila Reference Rate (New
MRR) – the weighted average interest rate announced by
BSP which is based on the combined promissory note and time deposit
transactions of commercial banks. It replaces the old MRR as reference
rate of banks and non-bank financial intermediaries in the pricing
of floating rate loans.
Non-Money Supply Deposits
– total of quasi-money, marginal deposits and deposit substitutes
of local governments and semi-government entities and residents
with DMBs.
Old Manila Reference Rate (Old
MRR) – weighted average interest rate announced by the
former Central Bank of the Philippines which is based on promissory
note transactions of commercial banks. The old MRR is used as
reference rate of banks and non-bank financial intermediaries
in the pricing of floating rate loans.
Peso Deposits Subject to Check
(or demand deposits) – includes "managers and cashiers’
checks" as well as deposits automatically transferred from
savings to demand deposits, but excludes demand deposits by the
National Government and commercial bank holdings of "checks
and other cash items".
Private Development Banks
– banks which cater to the capital needs and demand for investment
credit or medium to long term loans for the promotion of growth
of industry and agriculture at reasonable costs. Government financial
institutions such as the Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP)
and the Philippine National Bank (PNB), as well as such other
non-bank financial intermediaries like GSIS and SSS and other
government agencies and instrumentalities such as the National
Economic Development Authority (NEDA) and the Department of Agriculture
(DA), provide private development banks with support and assistance
whether in the form of savings deposits or with technical know-how.
(Private Development Bank Act or RA No. 4093, as amended).
Public Sector – consists
of the national government, local governments, government-owned
or controlled corporations and government monetary institutions.
Quasi-Money Deposits –
consists of savings and time deposits of DMBs.
Rural Banks – mostly
government-sponsored/assisted banks which are largely privately-owned
that provide credit facilities to farmers and merchants, or to
cooperatives of such farmers and merchants under reasonable terms
and in general, to the people of rural communities. They are classified
into those with and without authority to accept demand deposits.
Savings Bank – banks
organized for the purpose of accumulating the savings deposits,
and investing them for specified purposes, such as readily marketable
bonds and securities, commercial papers and accounts receivables,
drafts, bills of exchange, acceptance or notes arising from loans,
whether secured or unsecured, mortgages on real financing for
home building or home development, and such other investments
and loans as allowed by the Monetary Board of the BSP in pursuit
of national economic objectives. (General Banking Act or RA No.
337, as amended).
Savings Deposits – interest
bearing deposits, which are withdrawable upon presentation of
properly, accomplished withdrawal slips together with the corresponding
passbook.
Social Security System (SSS)
– government-sponsored scheme to provide old age, death,
disability and sickness benefits to workers in the private sector.
This program is compulsory for all paid employees not over 60
years and for their employers.
Specialized Government Bank
– consists of the Al-Amanah Islamic Investment Bank of the
Philippines which is a government financial institution established
to promote and accelerate the socio- economic development of the
Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao by performing banking, financing
and investment operations and by establishing and participating
in agricultural, commercial and industrial ventures based on the
Islamic concept of banking.
Stock Savings and Loan Associations
– these are banks engaged in the accumulation of savings
mainly of stockholders in specified undertakings. They are primarily
concerned with servicing the needs of the household by providing
personal finance and long term financing for home building and
development. (Savings and Loan Association Act or RA No. 3779,
as amended).
Thrift Banks – banks
primarily mobilize small savings, and provide loans at generally
longer and easier terms than do commercial banks as they cater
to the lower income groups. Loans are usually for basic economic
needs, such as housing. Small producers such as farmers, cottage
industry entrepreneurs, and consumers rely on these banks for
the financing of their production and consumption requirements.
There are three types of banks, which are categorized under the
general grouping of thrift banks namely: savings banks, private
development banks and stock savings and loan associations. All
types of thrift banks may perform any or all of the following:
a.) accept savings
and time deposits;
b.) grant loans, whether secured or unsecured;
c.) invest in readily marketable bonds and other
debt-securities, commercial papers and accounts receivable, drafts,
bills of exchange, acceptances or notes arising out of commercial
transactions;
d.) issue domestic letters of credit;
e.) engage in trust business, with Monetary Board
approval;
f.) with prior Monetary Board approval, deal
in foreign exchange, and Foreign Currency Deposit Unit deposits
under Circular No. 343; g. with prior Monetary Board approval,
and in accordance with specific guidelines with respect to paid-in
capital,
accept checking accounts, engage in quasi-banking operations (money
market); and
h.) with prior approval, deal in government securities
or collect taxes, subsidies and other revenues of the government.
Time Deposits – interest
bearing deposits with specific maturity dates and evidenced by
certificates issued by the bank.
Source: Bangko
Sentral ng Pilipinas
Benefit Payments – disbursements
for retirement, disability, death, maternity, sickness and funeral
benefits.
Contribution – the amount
paid to the Social Security System (SSS) by and on behalf of the
member in accordance with Section 18 of the SSS Act of 1997 (R.A.
8282).
Expenditures – the sum
of benefit payments and operating expenses.
Government Securities –
bonds, securities, promissory notes or other evidence of indebtedness
of the Government of the Philippines (e.g., Treasury Bills, Treasury
Notes, Government Bonds).
Housing Loans – bonds,
securities, promissory notes or other evidence of indebtedness
of shelter agencies of the National Government of financial intermediaries
to finance housing loans of members and in long term direct individual
or group housing loans (e.g., releases to NHMFC/HDMF, house repair
and/or improvement).
Member Loans – short
and medium term loans, which could be availed of by the members
from the System, e.g., salary, calamity or emergency loans.
Operating Expenses –
administrative and operational expenses such as salaries and wages,
supplies and materials, depreciation, and the maintenance of offices
of the Social Security System (SSS).
Other Earnings – other
income such as penalty on contribution arrearages, rental, etc.
Private Securities –
securities in the form of ;
a) bonds, securities, promissory
notes or other evidence of indebtedness of the following:
i) banks doing business
in the Philippines and in good standing with BSP;
ii) educational or medical
institutions;
iii) prime corporations or multilateral
institutions;
b) domestic or foreign mutual funds in existence for at least
three years;
c) foreign currency deposits for triple "A" foreign
currency-dominated debts, prime and non-speculative equities;
or
d) loans secured by such collaterals like cash, government securities
or guarantees of multilateral institutions.
Revenue – sum of contribution
collections, investment earnings and other income.
Reserve Fund – accumulation
of all revenues of the SSS that are not needed to meet the current
benefit obligations, administrative and operational expenses.
Source: Social
Security System
Bonds – investments in
bond interest bearing certificates of indebtedness.
Claims and Benefit Payments
– expenses, compensation for and indemnity of losses.
Employees Compensation Insurance
Fund – amount set aside for payment of the Employees
Compensation benefits such as disability, sickness, survivorship,
funeral, etc.
General Insurance Fund –
amount set aside in payment for losses/damages under the non-life
insurance operations.
Insurance Premium – contribution
of the account of the employee whether made by themselves or their
employers for social security reasons.
Investments – amount
of money or other resources measured in terms of money placed
on activities or other forms of assets for the purpose of earning
profits.
Medicare Insurance Fund -
fund set aside for payment of claims of members against hospitalization,
surgical and medical expenses.
Operating Expenses and Other Miscellaneous
Disbursements – expenses necessary and incidental to
operation.
Optional Life Insurance Fund
– fund reserve for payments on unlimited optional life insurance
like maturity cash surrender value, death, accidental death or
waiver of premiums in case of permanent disability and includes
sales redemption insurance, mortgage redemption insurance and
group term insurance claims.
Policy Loan – loan on
the security of policy which shall not exceed 50 percent of the
net cash value for regular membership policy, or 90 percent of
the net cash value for optional policy.
Real Estate Loans – loans
secured by real estate properties mortgaged with the GSIS.
Repayments of Investments
– amortization payment applied to the principal amount of
loan or investments in salary loan, policy loan or real estate
loan.
Reserves – amount set
aside from net income or unassigned surplus to ensure the payment
of benefits and other contingencies.
Salary Loan – loans granted
to members in the amounts equivalent to one month salary for those
whose membership with the system is 20 months and over; two months
salary if membership is 40 months or over; and three months salary
if membership is 60 months or over.
Short Term Notes – written
promise to pay within a fixed time at fixed interest rate issued
by the debtor.
Social Insurance Fund –
amount set aside for the payment of social insurance benefits
like retirement insurance, disability retirement, death and life
insurance benefits.
Stocks – investments
in shares of stocks, common or preferred, traded subsidiaries.
Surplus – increments
in net worth arising from net earnings, appreciation, donations,
grants, etc.
Source: Government
Service Insurance System
Composite Insurance Company
– an insurance company authorized to transact both life and
general non-life businesses.
Domestic Non-Philippine National
Company – company incorporated in the Philippines with
majority of its stocks being foreign-owned.
Domestic Philippine National Company
– domestic company incorporated in the Philippines with majority
of its stocks being Filipino-owned.
Foreign Company – a company
doing business in one country but incorporated in another country.
Licensed Company – a
company that has been issued a license or certificate of authority
to provide insurance coverage and services in the Philippines.
Life Insurance Company –
a company that insures lives of persons through policy issuances,
which may include health and accident policies.
Non-Life Insurance Company –
an insurance company concerned with insuring property and casualty
lines of business and other forms of insurance other than life.
Professional Reinsurer –
a company whose business is mainly reinsurance and related services.
Reinsurance – method
in which an insurer (by means of a contract) relieves itself of
a portion of the liability it has contractually assumed under
an original obligation in order to reduce peak liabilities or
to distribute the risk, thereby reducing the effect of the law
of averages with respect to its net retained liability.
Source: Insurance
Commission
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POPULATION
AND HOUSING
Age-Specific
Fertility Rate (ASFR) – the number of births to women
of a given age group per 1,000 women in that age group.It is calculated
by dividing the number of births born to women of a particular
age group by the female population in that age group multiplied
by 1,000.
Crude
Birth Rate – the number of births per 1,000 population
in a given year.
Fertility
– the actual reproductive performance of an individual, a
couple, a group, or a population.
Fertility
Rate (General Fertility Rate) – the number of births
per 1,000 women aged 15-49 years in a given year.
Total Fertility
Rate – is a fertility index combining age-specific fertility
rates. It represents the average number of children that would
be born to a woman throughout her lifetime given that the age-specific
fertility rates still prevail at that time. It is computed using
the formula TFR =5å ASFR if 5-year age groups are employed
or TFR - å ASFR if single age group is employed.
Growth
Rate – the rate at which a population is increasing (or
decreasing) in a given year due to natural increase and net migration,
expressed as a percentage of the base population.
Household
– a social unit consisting of a person living alone or a
group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have a
common arrangement in the preparation and consumption of food.
Life Expectancy
– represents the average remaining number of years for a
person who survives at the beginning of a given age interval.
Most commonly cited as life expectancy at birth.
Life Expectancy
At Birth - the average number of years a person is expected
to live from the time of his/her birth.
Migration
– the movement from one place to another (especially from
one country to another)
usually with intention to settle.
Net Migration
Rate – is the difference between in-migration and out-migration
rates. It represents the difference between the people coming
into an area and those going out of the area.
Population
– total number of individuals in a territory or a locality
living at a specified moment of time with an agreed definition
of residence; all the persons falling within the scope of a census
or other inquiry.
Population
Density – number of persons per unit of land area (square
kilometer or square mile).
Population
Distribution – the patterns of settlement and dispersal
of a population.
Population
Projections – computation of future changes in population
numbers, given certain assumptions about future trends in the
rates of fertility, mortality, and migration.
Demographers
often issue low, medium, and high projections of the same population,
based on different assumptions of how these rates will change
in the future.
Source: National Statistics Office (NSO)
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PUBLIC
FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION
Borrowings – funds obtained
from repayable sources, including loans secured by the government
from financial institutions and other sources, both internal and
external, to finance development projects and/or budget support.
Capital Expenditures/Outlays
– expenditures for the acquisition of fixed assets and other
goods and services the productive benefits of which extend beyond
the fiscal year. These include investments in the capital stock
of Government Owned or Controlled Corporations and their subsidiaries
and investments in public utilities and loans outlays.
Capital Revenue – proceeds
from the sale of fixed or capital assets, such as land, building,
machinery, stocks and intangibles, including receipts of unrequited
transfers for capital purposes from non-governmental sources.
Cash Budget – aggregate
of revenues, borrowings and disbursements of the national government
showing a cash deficit or surplus. It reflects the actual deposits
and withdrawals of cash by the national government agencies to
the Bureau of the Treasury.
Current Operating Expenses
– amount budgeted for the purchase of goods and services
for the conduct of normal government operations within the budget
year. It includes goods and services that will be used or consumed
during the budget year.
Current Surplus – excess
of revenues over expenditures.
Debt Service – the sum
of loan repayments, interest payments, commitment fees and other
charges on foreign and domestic borrowings.
Deficit – shortfall/deficiency
of revenues over expenditures of the government.
Extraordinary Income –
collections derived from the repayment of loans and advances made
by the government as well as from other non-recurring sources.
Financing – means by
which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget
deficit or allocated financial resources arising from a budget
surplus.
Government Securities of Treasury
Bills – evidences of indebtedness of the Republic of
the Philippines or its instrumentalities, government-owned and/or
controlled corporations, or the Central Bank and must be freely
negotiable and regularly serviced.
Grants – all non-repayable
transfers received from other levels of government or from private
individuals, or institutions including reparations and gifts given
for particular projects or programs, or for general budget support.
Net Lending - advances by
the national government for the servicing of government guaranteed
corporate debt during the year, net of repayments on such advances.
Includes loans outlays or proceeds from program loans relent to
government corporations.
Non-Tax Revenue – revenue
collected from sources other than compulsory tax levies. Includes
those collected in exchange for direct services rendered by government
agencies to the public, or those arising from the government’s
regulatory and investment activities.
Personal Services – provisions
for the payment of salaries, wages and other compensation (e.g.,
merit, salary increase, cost of living allowances, honoraria and
commutable allowances) of permanent, temporary, contractual and
casual employees of the government.
Revenue – a cash inflow
which does not increase the liability of the government.
Taxes on Domestic Goods and Services
– taxes levied on the domestic production, sale or transfer,
leasing, use or delivery of goods, and rendering of services.
Taxes on Income and Profit
– taxes imposed on all taxable income earned or received
by a taxpayer whether an individual, partnership, or corporation,
during a particular period of time, usually lasting one year.
Taxes on International Trade and
Transactions – the sum of import and customs duties,
and other international trade-related tax collections of the national
government.
Taxes on Property – taxes
imposed on the ownership of wealth or immovable properties and
on the transfer of real or personal properties, both tangible
and intangible.
Source: Department
of Budget and Management
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PUBLIC
ORDER SAFETY AND JUSTICE
Crime Rate – number of
crimes committed per 100,000 population.
Index Crimes – crimes
which are sufficiently significant and which occur with sufficient
regularity to be meaningful. Crimes which include the following:
murder, physical injury, robbery, theft and rape.
Non-Index Crimes – all
types of crimes not considered as index crimes.
Source: Philippine
National Police
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TOURISM
Country of Residence –
consists of the country where she/he has lived for most of the
past year (12 months), or for a shorter period if she/he intends
to return within 12 months to live there.
Cruise Passengers – visitors
who arrive to and depart from the Philippines on the same ship.
Excursionist – temporary
visitor staying less than twenty-four hours in the country visited.
Occupancy Rate – refers
to the proportion of the rooms or bed-places in a collective tourism
establishment that is occupied over some period of time, such
as a night, month or year.
Outbound Philippine Residents
– covers the departures of Filipinos who are permanent residents
of the Philippines as well as aliens and naturalized citizens
of the Philippines with permanent residence in the country.
Overseas Filipinos –
Filipino nationals residing permanently abroad who are visiting
the Philippines for a period not exceeding one year.
Resident – a person living
in a given country, whether he is a national or not.
Tourist – temporary visitor
staying at least twenty-four hours in the country visited for
a purpose classified as either holiday (recreation, leisure, sport
and visit to family, friends or relatives), business, official
mission, convention, or health reasons.
Tourist Receipts – the
receipts of a country in the form of consumption expenditures
or payments for goods and services made by foreign visitors out
of foreign currency resources.
Visitor – any person
visiting a country other than that in which he has his usual place
of residence for any reason other than following an occupation
remunerated from within the country visited.
Visitor Arrivals – includes
tourist, excursionists, aliens entering the country for a temporary
stay not exceeding one year and for purposes other than immigration,
permanent residence or employment for remuneration in the country
and Filipino nationals residing permanently abroad on temporary
stay in the Philippines not exceeding one year. This excludes
the following:
a.) transit visitors
and change-plan passengers who remain in the premises of the port
of entry terminal;
b.) aliens with pre-arranged employment for remuneration
in the Philippines, even if length of stay is less than 59 days;
c.) Filipinos living abroad, regardless of length
of stay overseas who are not permanent residents abroad;
d.) Immigrants or aliens with permanent residence
in the Philippines;
e.) Filipino overseas contract workers on home
visits; and
f.) Returning residents of the Philippines.
Source: Department
of Tourism (DOT)
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TRANSPORTATION
AND COMMUNICATION
Available Seat Kilometers
– a measure of airline output which is obtained by multiplying
the number of seats available in a flight by the distance over
which the seats are flown.
Revenue Passengers Carried
– passenger paying more than 25% of the applicable fare.
Revenue Passenger Kilometers
– a measure of passengers sales volume which can be obtained
by multiplying the number of revenue passengers carried on a flight
by the distance traveled by each passenger.
Scheduled Kilometers –
the sum of the direct airport to airport distances of all flights
scheduled to be performed during the period over certificated
routes in pursuance of published traffic schedules.
Scheduled Kilometers Flown –
the sum of the direct airport to airport distances of all scheduled
flights actually flown during the period.
Total Kilometers Flown –
sum of total non-revenue kilometers flown and total revenue kilometers
flown.
Total Non-Revenue Kilometers Flown
– the sum of the airport-to-airport distances of all flights
performed for technical and non-technical, non revenue operations
such as trainings of pilots, test hops, probing, utility and ferry
flights. It includes the estimated distances flown by aborted
flights.
Total Revenue Cargo Carried
– the total weight in kilometers of freight carried on a
given sector or service.
Total Revenue Kilometers Flown
– the sum of direct airport-to-airport distance of all revenue
flights performed during the period. Scheduled flights, extra
section, charter flights and relief are considered revenue flights.
Total Revenue Ton Kilometers
– the sum total of passenger ton kilometers, freight ton
kilometers, excess baggage ton kilometers, and mail ton flight.
Revenue loads carried on a charter flights are not considered.
Source: Philippine
Airlines
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VITAL,
HEALTH AND NUTRITION
Child Mortality Rate (CMR)
– the annual number of deaths among children 1-4 of age per
1,000 live births. (TWG on Maternal and Child Mortality, NSCB)
Crude Death Rate (CDR) –
annual number of deaths per 1,000 population.
Source: National
Statistics Office
Foetal Death Rate (FDR) –
measures pregnancy wastage. Death of the product of conception
occurs prior to its complete expulsion, irrespective of duration
of pregnancy.
Maternal Death – the
death of woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination
of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and the site of the
pregnancy or its management, but not from accidental or incidental
causes.
Morbidity – any departure,
subjective or objective, from a stage of physiological well-being.
Source: Department
of Health
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
– the annual number of deaths of infants under one year of
age per 1,000 live births.
Maternal Mortality Rate(MMR)
–the annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related
causes per 100,000 livebirths.
Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR)
– the annual number of deaths of children under age 5
per 1,000 live births averaged over the previous five years.
Source: Technical
Working Group on Maternal and Child Mortality, NSCB
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